Surgical amputation is the removal of all or part of your limb due to an injury, tumor, or an infection. Problems with the circulation in your leg veins or arteries, or complications of diabetes may also cause you to need an amputation. Surgical amputations may be performed on the arm, leg, foot, hand, toe, or finger. The part of a limb that is not removed is called the residual limb or stump.
Amputation care involves more than just healing in the acute post-surgical phase. After amputation early rehabilitation should start as soon as surgery is completed to decrease amputation or surgical site complications.
Some of the more common amputations are above-the knee (AKA) and below-the-knee amputations (BKA). In the acute post-operative treatment phase, the patient is at risk for contractures, uncontrolled somatic and phantom pain (a sensation of pain that occurs below the level of amputation), skin breakdown and residual limb edema.
Amputation is a major life change that impacts not only the patient’s self-image but the patient’s ability to function. Depending upon the level and type of amputation, mobility can be greatly affected. Once the patient heals from surgery, more in-depth rehabilitation is essential to helping the patient reach the highest levels of function and independence for the home and to readjust back into the community.
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